Dental crowns are a common treatment used to restore and protect damaged teeth. Despite their benefits, there are potential risks and complications associated with dental crowns, including the development of sensitivity.
Understanding Dental Crowns
Dental crowns, also known as caps, are prosthetic devices placed over damaged, decayed, or weakened teeth to restore their shape, size, strength, and improve their appearance. They can be made from various materials, such as porcelain, ceramic, metal, or a combination of materials. Crowns are custom-made to fit each patient's mouth and are cemented onto the existing tooth structure, covering the visible portion of the tooth above the gumline.
Potential Complications and Risks
While dental crowns are generally considered safe and effective, they can pose certain risks and potential complications, one of which is the development of tooth sensitivity. Sensitivity can occur when the underlying tooth structure becomes exposed due to various factors, including:
- Improper fit: If the dental crown does not fit properly, it can create gaps or spaces between the crown and the natural tooth, allowing bacteria to penetrate and irritate the underlying tooth structure.
- Aggressive tooth preparation: Excessive removal of tooth structure during the preparation for the dental crown can lead to sensitivity, as it may expose the inner layers of the tooth that are sensitive to stimuli.
- Fractured or cracked crown: A damaged or fractured crown can cause irritation to the tooth, leading to sensitivity.
- Receding gums: If the gums recede or pull away from the base of the dental crown, it can expose the sensitive root surface, leading to sensitivity.
Causes of Sensitivity
The development of sensitivity with dental crowns can be attributed to various factors, including:
- Nerve irritation: When the nerve within the tooth becomes irritated or inflamed, it can result in heightened sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures.
- Exposed dentin: Dentin is the inner layer of the tooth that contains tiny tubules leading to the nerve. If dentin becomes exposed, it can lead to increased sensitivity.
- Bacterial infiltration: Bacteria can find their way through gaps or openings around the dental crown, leading to irritation and sensitivity of the underlying tooth structure.
Signs of Sensitivity
Patients with sensitive dental crowns may experience various symptoms, including:
- Pain or discomfort when biting or chewing
- Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and beverages
- Throbbing or sharp pain in the affected tooth
Treatment and Prevention
Addressing sensitivity associated with dental crowns often involves diagnosing the underlying cause and implementing appropriate measures to alleviate the discomfort. Treatment options may include:
- Adjusting the crown: A dental professional may make adjustments to the crown to improve its fit and minimize sensitivity.
- Desensitizing agents: Specialized desensitizing agents can be applied to the sensitive areas to reduce discomfort.
- Replacing the crown: In cases where the crown is damaged or improperly fitted, replacing it with a new crown may be necessary to eliminate sensitivity.
- Good oral hygiene: Maintaining proper oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing, flossing, and using fluoridated toothpaste, can help prevent sensitivity and other dental issues.
Conclusion
While dental crowns are valuable for restoring and protecting damaged teeth, it is essential to be aware of the potential risks and complications associated with them, including the development of sensitivity. Understanding the causes, signs, treatment options, and preventive measures can help patients and dental professionals effectively address and manage sensitivity related to dental crowns.